SCIENCE THAT POWERS PERFORMANCE
At InnerAthlete, we know that performance and injury risk aren’t the result of a single factor — they come from a complex, interconnected system. Training load, recovery, nutrition, mental focus, and genetics all interact dynamically. Change one, and it affects the others.
Our data-driven model combines biomarkers, genomics, nutrition, and cognition to deliver personalized insights that boost performance, resilience, and longevity.
Our testing integrates biomarkers, genomics, and cognitive insights into a data-driven model. This systems-thinking approach gives athletes the most complete picture of their body and mind, allowing for personalized interventions that improve performance, resilience, and longevity in sport.
Our testing integrates biomarkers, genomics, and cognitive insights into a data-driven model. This systems-thinking approach gives athletes the most complete picture of their body and mind, allowing for personalized interventions that improve performance, resilience, and longevity in sport.
BLOOD BIOMARKER TESTING
Blood biomarkers offer a real-time snapshot of your internal health and training response. We measure key indicators tied to recovery, performance, and injury prevention.
GENOMICS TESTING
Your genotype shapes how you respond to training — from muscle type to recovery speed. We analyze 250+ genetic variants (SNPs) tied to athletic traits.
S2 COGNITION EVALUATION
Elite performance isn’t just physical — it’s mental. The S2 Eval measures how your brain processes information in high-pressure, fast-paced environments.
Detects exercise-induced inflammation and recovery challenges.
Track stress, muscle growth potential, and metabolism.
Ensure optimal oxygen delivery, bone health, and immune resilience.
Monitor oxidative stress, liver function, and energy reserves.
Regular monitoring helps detect overtraining, nutrient deficiencies, and hormone imbalances before they derail performance. Research shows biomarker analysis can guide load management, optimize recovery, & reduce injury risk.
(Halson, 2014; Haller et al., 2023)
How quickly you bounce back after workouts.
Strength/power vs. endurance predisposition.
How your body uses carbs, fats, and proteins.
Monitor oxidative stress, liver function, and energy reserves.
Genetic markers linked to inflammation and soft tissue strain.
Optimal rest cycles for recovery and mental sharpness.
Understanding your DNA allows us to customize training, nutrition, and recovery to match your biology — unlocking gains you can’t achieve with a one-size-fits-all plan.
How well do you control your impulsive reactions?
How fast do you process the speed of the game?
How good is your awareness of where other players are around you?
How well do you stay locked in?
Studies show athletes with higher cognitive speed perform better under pressure and adapt faster to changing situations (Smith et al., 2022).
BLOOD BIOMARKER TESTING
Blood biomarkers offer a real-time snapshot of your internal health and training response. We measure key indicators tied to recovery, performance, and resilience.
Creatinine is a key marker for kidney function and muscle metabolism. Levels are often higher in athletes than in sedentary individuals, reflecting greater muscle mass, but about 5–10% of the general population may fall outside standard reference ranges due to undiagnosed kidney dysfunction or muscle mass differences. Monitoring ensures safe protein intake and supplement use, while preventing renal strain, particularly in groups at risk for kidney impairment.
hs-CRP is a sensitive indicator of systemic inflammation, which can impair recovery and signal underlying issues like cardiovascular risk. Studies report that up to 20% of athletes can experience transient elevation after intensive exercise, and 10–15% of adults in the general population may have chronically elevated levels related to obesity or metabolic disease. Regular testing guides anti-inflammatory nutrition and helps identify those for whom targeted interventions are necessary.
Iron is essential for the formation of hemoglobin and oxygen delivery to tissues. Deficiency is one of the most common nutrient problems worldwide, affecting up to 30% of female athletes and 10% of male athletes, and between 10–20% of the global general population, with even higher risk among menstruating women or vegetarians. Identifying low or borderline iron allows precise supplementation to enhance energy and performance, while preventing unnecessary or excessive dosing.
Magnesium supports nerve and muscle function, energy production, and bone metabolism. It is especially critical for athletes, who may require 10–20% more magnesium than sedentary individuals due to increased losses through sweat and urine and greater metabolic demand. Deficiency is common with studies showing up to 22% of elite athletes and as much as 40% of young adults have subclinical deficiency, while prevalence in the general population is estimated at 5–8%, and even higher for those with poor diets or chronic illness. Blood testing allows for identification of these deficiencies so targeted supplementation can improve muscle health, metabolic efficiency, and reduce risk of cramps, injury, and even cardiac events.
Total protein reflects overall nutritional status, liver health, and protein intake. While overt deficiency is uncommon in developed countries, 3–5% of hospitalized patients and elderly individuals can be protein-deficient, and athletes may show temporarily reduced values after intense training or inadequate recovery diets. Measuring total protein guides safe increases in dietary or supplemental protein to support muscle repair and growth.
Total testosterone influences muscle mass, mood, energy, and recovery. Low testosterone occurs in up to 4–12% of men under 50 and rises with age, with prevalence estimates of 20–40% in older men; athletes can develop “relative energy deficiency syndrome” affecting hormonal balance. Testing enables early recognition of suboptimal levels, so personalized strategies, nutritional or otherwise, can be applied.
Vitamin D is required for bone health, immunity, and muscle function. Deficiency is widespread, estimated at 24–41% of the U.S. population and up to 56% in indoor athletes during winter months. Chronic vitamin D deficiency leads to impaired calcium and phosphorus absorption, increasing the risk of bone pain, muscle weakness, osteoporosis, and fractures, and in severe cases can result in osteomalacia or rickets. Mounting research also links deficiency with greater risks for autoimmune diseases, certain cancers, hypertension, neuropsychiatric disorders, and infectious diseases, making repletion through personalized supplementation critical for optimal long-term health.
Magnesium supports nerve and muscle function, energy production, and bone metabolism. It is especially critical for athletes, who may require 10–20% more magnesium than sedentary individuals due to increased losses through sweat and urine and greater metabolic demand. Deficiency is common with studies showing up to 22% of elite athletes and as much as 40% of young adults have subclinical deficiency, while prevalence in the general population is estimated at 5–8%, and even higher for those with poor diets or chronic illness. Blood testing allows for identification of these deficiencies so targeted supplementation can improve muscle health, metabolic efficiency, and reduce risk of cramps, injury, and even cardiac events.
Regular monitoring helps detect overtraining, nutrient deficiencies, and hormone imbalances before they derail performance. Research shows biomarker analysis can guide load management, optimize recovery, & resilience.
(Halson, 2014; Haller et al., 2023)
GENOMICS TESTING
Your genotype shapes how you respond to training — from muscle type to recovery speed. We analyze 250+ genetic variants (SNPs) tied to athletic traits.
Protein utilization
Fat utilization.
Carb utilization.
Insulin response to dietary fat.
Cholesterol response to dietary fat
Sweets preference
Bitterness sensitivity.
Gluten sensitivity.
Lactose intolerance.
Caffeine metabolism.
Alcohol sensitivity.
Sugar intake.Fat loss response to cardio.
Fitness response to cardio.
Body composition response to strength training.
HDL – C response to cardio.
Insulin sensitivity response to cardio.
Glucose response to cardio.
Triglycerides response to cardio
Power/endurance.
Grip strength/muscular fitness.
Testosterone levels.
VO2 max.
Exercise stroke volume.
Exercise, heart rate response.
Injury risk.Metabolism.
Weight loss tendency.
Weight regain.
Satiety.NUTRITION GENETIC TRAITS
Protein utilization
Fat utilization.
Carb utilization.
Insulin response to dietary fat.
Cholesterol response to dietary fat
Sweets preference
Bitterness sensitivity.
Gluten sensitivity.
Lactose intolerance.
Caffeine metabolism.
Alcohol sensitivity.
Sugar intake.
EXERCISE & RESPONSE GENETIC TRAITS
Fat loss response to cardio
Fitness response to cardio.
Body composition response to strength training
HDL – C response to cardio.
Insulin sensitivity response to cardio.
Glucose response to cardio.
Triglycerides response to cardio
Power/endurance.
Grip strength/muscular fitness.
Testosterone levels
VO2 max
Exercise stroke volume.
Exercise, heart rate response.
Injury risk
WEIGHT LOSS GENETIC TRAITS
Metabolism
Weight loss tendency
Weight regain
Satiety
BEHAVIOR & FUNCTION GENETIC TRAITS
Systemic inflammation
Intrinsic motivation to exercise
Addictive behavior/stimulus control
Impulse control & taste preference with aging
Mental acuity.
Sleep duration.
Sleep quality.
Stress tolerance.
Pain tolerance.
NUTRIENTS & MINERALS GENETIC TRAITS
Vitamin A tendency
Vitamin B6 tendency.
Vitamin B9 (folate) tendency
Vitamin B12 tendency
Vitamin C tendency
Vitamin D tendency
Calcium tendency
Copper tendency.
Magnesium tendency.
Selenium tendency.
Zinc tendency.
Vitamin E tendency.
Omega levels.
Iron tendency.
Phosphorus tendency.Personalized plans based on your unique genetic makeup can help you achieve more significant improvements in performance by targeting your body's specific needs. Understanding your DNA allows us to customize training, nutrition, and recovery to match your biology — unlocking gains you can’t achieve with a one-size-fits-all plan.
COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT
Elite performance isn’t just physical — it’s mental. The S2 Eval measures how your brain processes split-second decisions in high-pressure, fast-paced environments.
How well do you control your impulsive reactions?
How fast you process information and make choices during competition.
How good is your awareness of where other players are around you?
How well do you stay locked in?
Studies show athletes with higher cognitive speed perform better under pressure and adapt faster to changing situations (Smith et al., 2022).
WHAT YOU'LL GAIN
PERSONALIZED INSIGHTS
Understand your body’s strengths, weaknesses, and risk factors.
PERFORMANCE BOOST
Train smarter, move faster, and stay sharp.
REDUCING INJURY RISK
Spot and address risks early.
OPTIMIZED RECOVERY
Match rest and recovery to your needs.
MENTAL EDGE
Understand how to play to your strengths and offset weaknesses.
LONG-TERM SUCCESS
Sustain peak performance without burnout.
GET YOUR 1 OF 1 REPORT
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REAL RESULTS
BASED ON PERSONALIZED INSIGHTS
BASKETBALL PLAYER
Added Omega-3 and Vitamin D3 → Higher endurance, faster recovery.
FOOTBALL PLAYER
Integrated yoga + eccentric training → Less muscle strain, improved resilience.
WRESTLER
Mindfulness + dynamic recovery → Better focus, quicker reactions.
SOFTBALL PLAYER
Antioxidant-rich nutrition + red light therapy → Faster post-game recovery.
BASEBALL PLAYER
Sleep optimization + contrast water therapy → Stable energy and hormone levels.
MEET OUR EXPERTS
Keke Lyles
DPT, Head of Innovation & Performance
Chris Cothern DPT, CPSS, CES, PES
Director of Human Performance & Innovation
Scott Wiley, PhD.
Co-Founder, S2 Cognition
Brandon Ally, PhD.
Co-Founder, S2 Cognition
Paul Sullivan, RhP
Head of Science & Nutrition
Gary Russell, PhD.
Head of Talent Strategy
REAL RESULTS
Based on Personalized Insights
BASKETBALL PLAYER
Added Omega-3 and Vitamin D3 → Higher endurance, faster recovery.
FOOTBALL PLAYER
Integrated yoga + eccentric training → Less muscle strain, improved resilience.
WRESTLER
Mindfulness + dynamic recovery → Better focus, quicker reactions.
SOFTBALL PLAYER
Antioxidant-rich nutrition + red light therapy → Faster post-game recovery.
BASEBALL PLAYER
Sleep optimization + contrast water therapy → Stable energy and hormone levels.
UNLOCK YOUR POTENTIAL
start your InnerAthlete journey
